Glossary :: T
Tablet
A term for a sacred epistle containing a revelation.
The giving of the Law to Moses on tables or tablets is mentioned in the Qur’án, súrih 7:145: “We wrote for him (Moses) upon tables (alwáḥ, plural of lauḥ) a monition concerning every matter.“
See also : Epistle
Tablet of Carmel
The charter of the world spiritual and administrative centres of the Bahá’í Faith, revealed by Bahá’u’lláh in 1890 during one of His visits to Mount Carmel.
Text : Gleanings from the Writings of Bahá’u’lláh ~ p. 14-17;   Tablets of Bahá’u’lláh ~ Lawḥ-i-Karmil
Tablet of the Seeker
Though sometimes referred to as the “Tablet of the Seeker”, it is not a Tablet but an exerpt of seven paragraphs from Bahá’u’lláh’s Kitáb-i-Íqán. These passages describe the qualities and the attributes of one who is a true seeker.
See : The Kitáb-i-Íqán, pages 177-184 for the full text of this exerpt.
Tablet to the Kings
Súriy-i-Mulúk
Revealed by Bahá’u’lláh in Adrianople sometime around 1870, referred to by Shoghi Effendi as “the most momentous Tablet revealed by Bahá’u’lláh.” In it Bahá’u’lláh addresses collectively the monarchs of East and West, the Sultan of Turkey, the kings of Christendom, the French and Persian ambassadors to the Ottoman Empire, the Muslim clergy in Constantinople, the people of Persia, and the philosophers of the world
In the Súriy-i-Mulúk Bahá’u’lláh unequivocally and forcefully proclaims His station.
A-Z : Súrah | Súrih ~ -i-Mulúk
Text : The Summons of the Lord of Hosts ~ Súriy-i-Mulúk
Tablet, Most Great
See   Book of the Covenant
Tablets of the Divine Plan
Fourteen Tablets revealed by ‘Abdu’l-Bahá in 1916 and 1917 and referred to as the charter for propagating the Bahá’í Faith. Addressed to the Bahá’ís of North America, the Tablets convey His mandate for the transmission of the Bahá’í Faith throughout the world.
See also : Divine Plan.
Volume : Tablets of the Divine Plan
Ṭaff, Land of
See   Land of Ṭaff
Takhi Khán Amír-Nezam, Mírzá
See   Ámir Kabír
Ṭáhirih
(circa. 1817 — August 1852)
Born Fáṭimih Baraghání, she is better known by the title Táhirih (“The Pure One”). She is also known as Qurratu’l-‘Ayn (“Solace / Consolation of the Eyes”)
It was during the Conference of Badasht that the title “Táhirih” was conferred on her by Bahá’u’lláh. It was also during this conference that Táhirih “boldly discarded the veil and appeared for the first time before her companions with her face uncovered(Nabíl’s Narrative (Abridged), page 101), shouting “aloud these words: ‘The Trumpet is sounding! The great Trump is blown! The universal Advent is now proclaimed!’ (Memorials of the Faithful, page 202).
‘Abdu’l-Bahá speaks of her Martyrdom on page 204 of Memorials of the Faithful:
“They brought her into a garden, where the headsmen waited; but these wavered and then refused to end her life. A slave was found, far gone in drunkenness; besotted, vicious, black of heart. And he strangled Táhirih. He forced a scarf between her lips and rammed it down her throat. Then they lifted up her unsullied body and flung it in a well, there in the garden, and over it threw down earth and stones.”
Ṭalḥ
Qur’án 56:29 refers to Ṭalḥ trees.
According to an extract from the Botony 2004 conference (http://2004.botanyconference.org/)
The adjective used to describe talh in the Quran literally means neatly stacked or piled one above another, descriptive of individual bananas in a hand. The adjective, however, describes the talh trees rather than fruits.
This same extract states that “All sources identified talh as either banana or acacia.” and also that “A critical reading of verses 27 to 33 of the 56th sura in the Quran suggests that the two trees, namely sidr and talh, are mentioned as sources of shade rather than fruit.”
Ṭálut
Saul, appointed king of the Israelites by Samuel.
Tanzimat Reforms
Ottoman laws of the 1800s containing key Edicts of Toleration, Turkish for Reform
Teaching Committee, European
See   European Teaching Committee
Teheran
See   Ṭihrán
Temple, Mother
See   Mother Temple
Temples Fund
See   Fund
Ten Part Process
A ten-part process of divine revelation described by Shoghi Effendi. It began with Adam and is to end with the erection of the entire machinery of Bahá’u’lláh’s Administrative Order and the suffusion of the light of His Revelation, throughout future epochs of the Formative and Golden Ages of the Faith, over the entire planet.
The ten-part process, Shoghi Effendi writes, began
“...with the planting in the soil of the divine will, of the tree of divine revelation, and which has already passed through certain stages and must needs pass through still others ere it attains its final consummation. The first part of this process was the slow and steady growth of this tree of divine revelation, successively putting forth its branches, shoots and offshoots, and revealing its leaves, buds and blossoms, as a direct consequence of the light and warmth imparted to it by a series of progressive Dispensations associated with Moses, Zoroaster, Buddha, Jesus, Muḥammad and other Prophets, and of the vernal showers of blood shed by countless martyrs in their path. The second part of this process was the fruition of this tree, ‘that belongeth neither to the East nor to the West,’ when the Báb appeared as the perfect fruit and declared His mission in the Year Sixty [1844] in the city of Shíráz. The third part was the grinding of this sacred seed, of infinite preciousness and potency, in the mill of adversity, causing it to yield its oil, six years later, in the city of Tabríz [1850]. The fourth part was the ignition of this oil by the hand of Providence in the depths and amidst the darkness of the Síyáh-Chál of Ṭihrán a hundred years ago [1852]. The fifth, was the clothing of that flickering light, which had scarcely penetrated the adjoining territory of ‘Iráq, in the lamp of revelation, after an eclipse lasting no less than ten years, in the city of Baghdád [1863]. The sixth, was the spread of the radiance of that light, shining with added brilliancy in its crystal globe in Adrianople [1863- 1868], and later on in the fortress town of ‘Akká [1868-1877], to thirteen countries in the Asiatic and African continents. The seventh was its projection, from the Most Great Prison, in the course of the ministry of the Centre of the Covenant [1892-1921], across the seas and the shedding of its illumination upon twenty sovereign states and dependencies in the American, the European, and Australian continents. The eighth part of that process was the diffusion of that same light in the course of the first, and the opening years of the second, epoch of the Formative Age of the Faith [1921-1953], over ninety-four sovereign states, dependencies and islands of the planet, as a result of the prosecution of a series of national plans, initiated by eleven national spiritual assemblies throughout the Bahá’í world, utilizing the agencies of a newly emerged, divinely appointed Administrative Order, and which has now culminated in the one hundredth anniversary of the birth of Bahá’u’lláh’s Mission. The ninth part of this process—the stage we are now entering [1953]—is the further diffusion of that same light over one hundred and thirty-one additional territories and islands in both the Eastern and Western Hemispheres, through the operation of a decade-long world spiritual crusade whose termination will, God willing, coincide with the Most Great Jubilee commemorating the centenary of the declaration of Bahá’u’lláh in Baghdád. And finally the tenth part of this mighty process [1963-] must be the penetration of that light, in the course of numerous crusades and of successive epochs of both the Formative and Golden Ages of the Faith, into all the remaining territories of the globe through the erection of the entire machinery of Bahá’u’lláh’s Administrative Order in all territories, both East and West, the stage at which the light of God’s triumphant Faith shining in all its power and glory will have suffused and enveloped the entire planet” (Messages to the Bahá’í World, pages 154-55).
Ten Year World Crusade
The international teaching plan inaugurated by Shoghi Effendi in 1953 and completed in 1963, some six years after his death.
It was the first global plan in which all national Bahá’í communities pursued their respective goals in one co-ordinated effort. It culminated with the first election of the Universal House of Justice at Riḍván 1963.
Thá
This is the first letter of ‘Thamárih’ which means ‘fruit’. Shoghi Effendi, in his writings, refers to the Báb as the ‘Thamárih’ (fruit) of the Tree of God’s successive Revelations. (See Shoghi Effendi’s letter to the Bahá’ís of the East dated Naw-Rúz 110, page 5.)
Thamúd
A tribe of an ancient Hamitic people, inhabiting the borders of Edom and living in caves. They were nearly exterminated by Chedorlaomer, the Elomite conqueror. The survivors fled to Mt. Seir where they dwelt in the time of Isaac and Jacob.
Qur’án, 7:73-9, 9:70
A-Z : Thamúd
The Báb
20 October 1819 — 9 July 1850
The Báb (Arabic for “Door” or “Gate”); the title assumed by Siyyid ‘Alí Muḥammad after declaring His mission in Shíráz on 23 May 1844. The Qá’im and Mihdí of Islám.
The Báb’s station is twofold: He is a Manifestation of God and the Founder of the Bábí Faith, and He is the Herald of Bahá’u’lláh.
A detailed, moving, and authoritative work titled The Dawn-Breakers, written by Nabíl-i-Zarandí and translated by Shoghi Effendi, recounts the Báb’s life and His followers’ exploits.
His birth (see note under Holy Day) and His death by public execution (9 July, 1850) are celebrated as Holy Days on which work is suspended. His Declaration (May 23, 1844) is likewise celebrated as a Holy Day on which work is suspended.
The remains of the Báb are interred on Mount Carmel in the Shrine of the Báb.
See Balyuzi, The Báb.
See also : Amír Kabir;   Lord of the Age;   Qá’im   Qayyúmu’l-Asmá’.
A-Z : Báb, The
The Bábíyyih
The Bábíyyih
Image courtesy of
Bahá’í Library Online
The “Bábí place or the centre of the Bábís”: a house in Mashhad, Írán, that served as a residence for Mullá Ḥusayn (the first of the Letters of the Living) and Quddús (the eighteenth Letter of the Living, whose rank was second only to that of the Báb) and as a place to which inquirers came to learn about the Bábí Faith.
The Bahá’í historian Nabíl writes that
“A steady stream of visitors, whom the energy and zeal of Mullá Ḥusayn had prepared for the acceptance of the Faith, poured into the presence of Quddús, acknowledged the claim of the Cause, and willingly enlisted under its banner. The all-observing vigilance with which Mullá Ḥusayn laboured to diffuse the knowledge of the new Revelation, and the masterly manner in which Quddús edified its ever-increasing number of adherents, gave rise to a wave of enthusiasm which swept over the entire city of Mashhad, and the effects of which spread rapidly beyond the confines of Khurásán. The house of Bábíyyih was soon converted into a rallying centre for a multitude of devotees who were fired with an inflexible resolve to demonstrate, by every means in their power, the great inherent energies of their Faith.” (The Dawn-Breakers, p. 267)
The Book of Fáṭimih
See   The Hidden Words
The Dawn-Breakers
A history of the early Bábí and Bahá’í Faiths. Written by Nabíl-i-A‘ẓam and translated by Shoghi Effendi into English. Published in 1932. Also known as Nabíl’s Narrative. An abridged version is also available.
A-Z : Dawn-Breakers, The
The Fast
The nineteen-day period of the Bahá’í month of ‘Alá’ (Loftiness), the 19th month, a time of spiritual renewal and development during which Bahá’ís abstain from food and drink from sunrise to sunset. A symbol of self-restraint, the Fast is a time of meditation, prayer, and spiritual recuperation and readjustment.
See also : Bahá’í Calendar.
A-Z : Fast(ing)
The Father of Folly
See   Abú-Jahl
The Greatest Name
See   Greatest Name
The Hidden Words
Bahá’u’lláh’s most important ethical work. Revealed circa 1858. Described by Shoghi Effendi as a “marvellous collection of gem-like utterances … with which Bahá’u’lláh was inspired, as He paced, wrapped in His meditations, the banks of the Tigris.”
Originally designated The Hidden Book of Fátimih, the title of this work is an allusion to the Muslim tradition that the Angel Gabriel revealed a Book to Fáṭimih to console her following the death of the Prophet Muḥammad, her Father, and that this Book remained hidden in the spiritual worlds thereafter.
A-Z : Hidden ~ Words
Volume : The Hidden Words of Bahá’u’lláh
Compilations : Hidden Words: A Compilation of Writings about the Hidden Words;   References of ‘Abdu’l-Bahá and Shoghi Effendi to the Hidden Words;   Hidden Words, also known as Book of Fáṭimih (Kalimát-i-Maknúnih)
The Intercalary Days
See   Ayyám-i-Há
The Kitáb-i-‘Ahd
See   Book of the Covenant
The Kitáb-i-Aqdas
The Most Holy Book (Kitáb means “book”; Aqdas means “Most Holy”): the chief repository of Bahá’u’lláh’s laws and the Mother Book of His revelation, revealed in ‘Akká in 1873 and termed by Shoghi Effendi “the Charter of the future world civilization.”
For a summary of its contents, see God Passes By, pages 213-16;   The Kitáb-i-Aqdas, pages 12-16.
A-Z : Kitáb-i-Aqdas
Volume : Kitáb-i-Aqdas
The Kitáb-i-Íqán
Book of Certitude
Written by Bahá’u’lláh over 48 hours in 1862, interpreting symbols in the Bible and Qur’án and explaining the progressive nature of divine revelation.
A-Z : Kitáb-i-Íqán
Volume : The Kitáb-i-Íqán
The Most Exalted Leaf
See   Ásíyih Khánum
The Most Holy Book
See   The Kitáb-i-Aqdas
The Most Holy Court
See   Ḥaram-i-Aqdas
The Prince of Hypocrites
See   ‘Abdu’lláh-i-Ubayy
The Purest Branch
See   Mírzá Mihdí
The Sacred Fold
See   Ḥaẓíratu’l-Quds
the Veridical
See   Abú-‘Abdi’lláh
The Wolf
See   Shaykh Muḥammad-Báqir
This Decisive Hour
This Decisive Hour: Messages from Shoghi Effendi to the North American Bahá'ís, 1932-1946. Title of the volume containing communications from the Guardian of the Bahá’í Faith addressed to the Bahá’ís of North America, from June 21, 1932, to December 3, 1946.
Originally published in 1947 under the title Messages to America: selected Letters and Cablegrams Addressed to the Bahá’ís of North America, 1932-1946. A later review of the volume saw the addition of a further fourty seven (47) cables from Shoghi Effendi to the Bahá’ís of North America. Their inclusion was prompted by the efforts of an ad hoc committee appointed by the Universal House of Justice in 1973 at the Bahá’í World Centre to check the texts of the cablegrams in the original edition, and the proposal to incorporate them into the compilation was approved by the Universal House of Justice.
Threshold
See   Sacred Threshold
Throne of Tyranny
See   Constantinople
Ṭihrán
Capital city of modern Írán, previously Persia. Birthplace of Bahá’u’lláh.
In July, 2014, the Universal House of Justice announced “that Ṭihrán, the birthplace of the Abhá Beauty, will be the spot on the earth that will serve as the standard for determining, by means of astronomical computations from reliable sources, the moment of the vernal equinox in the northern hemisphere and thereby the day of Naw-Rúz for the Bahá’í world.” (Document : 10 July 2014)
A-Z : Ṭihrán
Tipitaka
Main Buddhist Scripture
Tongue of Grandeur
See   Ancient Beauty
Torah
See   Pentateuch
Towa
A holy vale in Sinai.   (Qur’án 20:12; Exod. 3; I Kgs. 198.)
Traditions
The authoritative record of inspired sayings and acts of the Prophet, in addition to the revelation contained in the Qur’án.
See also : Arba‘ín;   ‘Aválim;   Biḥár;   Biḥáru’l-Anvár;   Káfí;   Mufaḍḍal;   Yanbú‘.
A-Z : Tradition(s)
Transition, Age | Period of
See   Ages
Tree of Anísá
See   Divine Lote-Tree
Tree of Life
See   Divine Lote-Tree
Tree of Zaqqúm
A thorny tree so called, which bears fruit like an almond, but extremely bitter. Therefore the tree symbolizes a very severe punishment and bitter remorse for the unbelievers.
A tree in the Infernal Regions.
See also Ḍhari
A-Z : Zaqqúm ~ tree of
Tubbá’
Title or family name of Ḥimyar kings in Yemen of the Hamadán tribe.
The Ḥimyar were an ancient race. At one time they seem to have extended their hegemony over all Arabia and perhaps beyond, to the East African Coast.
Their earliest religion seem to have been Sabianism. At different times later on they professed the Jewish and the Christian Faiths.
An embassy sent by Muḥammad in ah 9-10 led to their entry into Islám.
Túmán
A sum of money equivalent to a dollar.
Twelfth Imám
Muḥammad, son of the eleventh Imám; died at age five in the year a.h. 260.
Shí‘íhs believe that he did not die, but disappeared and would return.
A-Z : Imám(s) ~ twelfth
Twigs
See   Afnán
Twin Founders
Refers to the Báb, Founder of the Bábí Faith, and to Bahá’u’lláh, Founder of the Bahá’í Faith.
See also : Founders of the Faith.
Twin Holy Cities
Haifa and ‘Akká, Israel.
Twin Holy Shrines
The Shrines of Bahá’u’lláh and the Báb.
Twin Manifestations
See   Twin Founders
Twin Successors
The Institutions of the Guardianship and the Universal House of Justice as the twin successors of Bahá’u’lláh and ‘Abdu’l-Bahá.
A-Z : Succession
Tyrant of Fayḥá’
Allusions to the ‘Abbásid and Umayyad dynasties, respectively.
See also : Abbasid Caliphate;   Umayyads;   Umayyad Caliphate and Empire
A-Z : Damascus ~ tyrant of